2
aug
Seneste opdatering: 3/8-13 kl. 1447
10 kommentarer - Tryk for at kommentere!

Dengang var der 1.546.000 tyrkere i Tyskland. I dag er der over 3 millioner. Hvor mange er der i 2042? Oppositionen er oprĂžrt over der Altkanzler, Thilo Sarrazin roser ham. “Politikere har en tendens til at benĂŠgte og lyve om ulĂžselige problemer. I dag er problemerne med integrationsuvillige muslimer sĂ„ store, at de er pĂ„ alles lĂŠber undtagen politikernes.” Helmut Schmidt var af samme mening som Kohl, og det kunne have sparet Tyskland for milliarder og efterkommerne for unĂŠvnelige problemer, hvis det var blevet gennemfĂžrt. LĂžrdag forsvarer Kohl og stĂ„r ved sine ord fra 1982, men i den aktuelle debat, der er opstĂ„et, vil han ellers ikke ytre sig.

Unsealed confidential British documents reveal that in 1982, German Chancellor Helmut Kohl tried to carry out a radical plan. He wanted to reduce the number of Turks living in Germany by 50 percent within four years. “SECRET,” the top of the densely typewritten document reads. Underneath, an official had added a handwritten note: “NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION.”

It was a controversial plan that the newly elected German chancellor, Helmut Kohl, confided to British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher during her visit to Bonn, then the West German capital. “Chancellor Kohl said (…) over the next four years, it would be necessary to reduce the number of Turks in Germany by 50 percent — but he could not say this publicly yet,” state the secret minutes of the meeting dated Oct. 28, 1982.

It adds: “It was impossible for Germany to assimilate the Turks in their present numbers.” Only four people were in the room at the time: Kohl, his longtime adviser Horst Teltschik, Thatcher and her private secretary A.J. Coles, the author of the document.

The file, labeled “PREM 19/1036,” smells musty. For three decades, the records of the 1982 and 1983 meetings between Kohl and Thatcher have been sealed, inaccessible to ordinary people. But now that the period of confidentiality has expired, the British National Archives has made them available to the public. The minutes of the Thatcher meeting outline how Kohl intended to get hundreds of thousands of Turks out of Germany. But they also cast light on how the relationship between the Germans and their Turkish compatriots has improved over the past three decades. Because to a contemporary German sensibility, the apparent social consensus in Kohl’s West Germany seems quite far to the right.


‘No Problems with the Portuguese

According to the document, Kohl wanted the Turks out. “Germany had no problems with the Portuguese, the Italians, even the Southeast Asians, because these communities integrated well,” wrote minute-keeper Coles of the chancellor, who had only been in office for four weeks. “But the Turks came from a very distinctive culture and did not integrate well. […] Germany had integrated some 11 million Germans from East European countries. But they were European and therefore presented no problem.”

Kohl listed forced marriages and illegal employment by Turks as examples of “a clash of two different cultures.” One out of every two should leave, said the chancellor, and those who remain should be provided special schooling. “Those who were to be integrated must learn German.”

The Rhineland native apparently didn’t think too highly of immigrants from Turkey’s Anatolia region, which made up the country’s largest segment of so-called guest workers. Back when Kohl was merely an opposition leader for the center-right Christian Democratic Union — today the party of Chancellor Angela Merkel — he described them as “incapable of integration and, incidentally, unwilling to integrate.” And in his first policy speech, two weeks before the meeting with Thatcher, he said, “Integration is only possible if the number of foreigners living among us does not increase further.” But Kohl concealed his specific plan to get rid of every second Turk within four years, although public outrage would probably have been limited at the time.

Fear of Being Overrun

“Back then, the societal consensus in Germany was that Turks were guest workers and would have to go home,” Freiburg-based historian and author Ulrich Herbert told SPIEGEL ONLINE. And this wasn’t confined to right-leaning political parties like Kohl’s CDU, but rather “penetrated deep into the SPD,” he added, referring to the center-left Social Democratic Party. SPD member Holger Börner, at the time the governor of the central state of Hesse, said the influx of foreigners had to be “strictly stopped.” Kohl’s Social Democrat predecessor, Helmut Schmidt, was quoted in the summer of 1982 as saying, “Not one more Turk will come over the border.” His chief of staff, Hans-JĂŒrgen Wischnewski, sneered at Muslims who “butcher their sheep in the bathtub.”

Many a German grew tired of having such a large population of guest workers. In 1973, only 12 years after the signing of the immigration agreement with Ankara, the coalition government agreed on stopping recruitment in Turkey. Yet the number of Turks in Germany continued to rise, as women and children joined their male heads of household and, after a coup in Ankara, more and more applied for asylum. By 1982, around 1.5 million Turks were living in Germany. And the country had its own problems to deal with: After the second oil crisis in the early 1980s, the German economy began to slump at rates not seen since World War II. In 1982, 1.8 million people were unemployed — six times as many as in 1973.

Many German citizens began to see immigrants as burdens on the social welfare system and competitors for jobs that were rightfully theirs. A 1982 survey conducted by pollster Infas found that 58 percent of Germans wanted to reduce the number of foreigners in the country. “The politicians in Bonn were overwhelmed,” said Herbert. “They were afraid of being overrun with Turks, and wanted to get rid of them. But they didn’t know how.”

Kohl took a shot at it with his favorite political tool: money. “He intended to capitalize on the (social) insurance payments which Turkish workers had made and give them a lump sum,” the Thatcher logs say. Indeed, in 1983 the center-right government approved a law providing limited assistance for foreigners to return to their country of origin. Bonn hoped that a one-time payment of 10,500 deutsche marks and reimbursement of their retirement insurance payments would entice Turks to return home. But the program turned out to be a flop. “Only about 100,000 Turks left,” said Herbert. At the same time, tens of thousands continued to come to Germany seeking asylum. Der Spiegel: Secret Thatcher Notes: Kohl Wanted Half of Turks Out of Germany

0 0 votes
Article Rating


DonĂ©r engangsbeløb?Kan du forpligte dig til fast betaling?

Subscribe
Notify of
guest

10 Comments
Most Voted
Newest Oldest
Inline Feedbacks
View all comments
HH
HH
10 years ago

Ha, ha Bjowulf – nej, men i min hand kom en liten skrift som berĂ€ttade nĂ„gonting som mina gamla historieböcker aldrig tagit upp – Dacke var katolik! Och det hela handlade mer om en religionsstrid Ă€n bara en strid om tull med handeln med det danska Blekinge. Dacke sĂ€ger: “Vi vill ha det som det fornt var”, alltsĂ„ som det var nĂ€r Dackes hemviste var katolskt. Gustav Vasa tog ju allt kyrksilver – t o m hos de fattigaste i JĂ€mtland! Hur kunde Dacke fĂ„ med sig alla dessa tusentals mĂ€nniskor som givetvis inte alla idkade grĂ€nshandel? Naturligtvis var den… Read more »

Bjovulf
Bjovulf
10 years ago

Var inte Nils bin Dacke muslim ocksĂ„? 😀

HH
HH
10 years ago

Ja, Steen, det Ă€r nĂ„gonting verkligt konstigt i sammanhanget med hr Reinfeldt. Jag blir faktiskt inte riktigt klok vartĂ„t han syftar med sina planer. Tack för pĂ„minnelsen. Det har surrat rejĂ€lt i svenska massmedia – en vit skĂ„despelare som draperas till mörk, d v s Josephine Baker. Det kanske inte var sĂ„ bra med tanke pĂ„ det som varit. Men hur kan man tĂ€nka sig marskalk Mannerheim som fĂ€rgad? Eller Karlsson i Hemsöborna av Strindberg som fĂ€rgad? Tillför det nĂ„gonting till historien? Å ena sidan, Ă„ andra sidan… Men som jag klĂ€mde i pĂ„ ett annat stĂ€lle – DACKE! Dacke… Read more »

Emeritus
Emeritus
10 years ago

Til Crass BĂžrsting.
Nej, H.K. ville nÊppe vÊre blevet sammenlignet med A.H. al den stund A.H. sÄ langt foretrak maskulin Islam fremfor fdeminin nÊstekÊrlighed og svagpisserkristendom.

Med venlig hilsen

falkeĂžje
falkeĂžje
10 years ago

Europa bliver en slagmark, ingen tvivl om det.
Men hvem er i virkeligheden de skyldige?
Lad os fÄ det pÄ det rene, inden Helvede
bryder lĂžs.

falkeĂžje

HH
HH
10 years ago

NĂ€r jag sĂ„g första avsnittet av den tyska TV-serien “Weissensee” fick jag en kĂ€nsla av krypande olust – inte bara för att det handlade om det forna DDR. Nej, det hade en sĂ„dan fantastisk likhet med mitt eget land, Sverige. De flesta svenskar vet kanske inte om att av alla nordiska folk har svenskarna mest genetisk förankring i det tyska. Det Ă€r inte sĂ„ konstigt, med tanke pĂ„ Hansan och Gustaf Vasas legoknektar. Inget ont i det, kan man tĂ€nka. Men det kanske finns ett likartat sĂ€tt i “tĂ€nket”? I den tyska serien fĂ„r man klart se rĂ€dslan för att… Read more »

Crass BĂžrsting
Crass BĂžrsting
10 years ago

Kan nogen gÊtte, hvem Kohl Þjeblikkeligt var blevet sammenlignet med, hvis han for 30 Är siden havde luftet dette forslag i offentlighed? (Forbogstaver A.H., og ingen prÊmie for rigtige svar.) I stedet for en halvering fik tyskerne sÄ en fordobling af antallet. Og snebolden ruller stadig.

Breidablikk
Breidablikk
10 years ago

Det eneste fornuftige forslaget jeg har sett overhodet. Statlig, ryddig, ordentlig. 50%. Konkret. SÄ nye 50%. Til slutt bare ambassadepersonnel og moskeer utelukkende tilknyttet ambassader. Tipper forÞvrig at rimelig mange gÄr med slike tanker. Jo raskere jo bedre, fÞr det hele munner ut i vold.

10
0
Would love your thoughts, please comment.x
()
x